A Review of Entrustable Professional Activities in Pharmacy Education

Abstract

Objective. To review the published literature describing how entrustable professional activities (EPAs) are currently utilised in health professional education with a focus on pharmacy education.

Findings. An English-language CINAHL Plus and MEDLINE search was conducted for January 2011 through March 2021. 21 publications were identified for inclusion in this review. The following themes were identified: frameworks for the development of EPAs, implementation and evaluation of EPAs for workplace learning and gaps in knowledge and future directions for EPAs.

Summary. A standardised approach to development of EPA frameworks for health disciplines has yet to be established. Implementation and evaluation of EPAs as an educational tool in the practice setting is also inconsistent. An opportunity exists to further establish the development, implementation and evaluation of EPAs in all clinical practice settings. EPAs are relatively new in pharmacy practice settings and much can be learned from other health professions to ensure successful translation of EPAs into pharmacy education.